Author(s) :

Tong-Jung Fan, Tzu-Ching Weng.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Decarbonizing transportation is critical for net-zero emissions, with electric vehicles as a key alternative to gasoline vehicles. This study employs life cycle assessment per ISO 14040:2006 to compare their carbon footprints in Taiwan, where electricity is fossil-fuel-reliant (0.502 kg CO2 e /kWh). Using a dynamic life cycle assessment with three grid evolution scenarios (business-as-usual, government target, accelerated transition), results show EVs reduce lifecycle emissions by 30-40% compared to gasoline vehicles. The manufacturing “carbon debt” is offset within 2-3 years, with sustained benefits thereafter. Sensitivity analysis highlights electricity carbon intensity, vehicle mileage, and battery capacity as key drivers of electric vehicle emission reductions. Grid decarbonization amplifies these benefits. lectric vehicles are essential for transportation decarbonization, with policy recommendations including incentives for high-mileage users, integrated electric vehicle-grid planning, battery recycling systems, and supply chain decarbonization. Through targeted policies and technological advancements, lectric vehicles will significantly contribute to Taiwan’s net-zero emissions transition.

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